Criminal justice agencies sometimes rely on private funds. These funds come from charitable giving, foundations, businesses, private individuals, and community groups.
Criminal justice agencies sometimes rely on private funds
Criminal justice agencies sometimes rely on private funds. These funds come from charitable giving, foundations, businesses, private individuals, and community groups. For example, some agencies may accept funds to offset the cost of mounted patrol units that would otherwise be the victim of budget cuts.
For this article review, you are required to locate an article in the CSU Online Library about a city, county, or state agency that accepted private funding. The article you review should be at least two pages in length. Explain the circumstances surrounding this article. Also, be sure to address these questions in your response.
Do you agree or disagree with accepting private funds for the agency and program in the article you chose? Why, or why not?
Describe how environmental factors may play a role in criminal justice agencies needing funding.
Were there any outside factors that played a role in the agency needing and accepting this funding?
Can you think of any other ways that funding could have been secured other than private funds? Did the agency attempt to secure any other sources of funding prior to accepting private funds?
Do you feel the organization donating funds has any influence on policy? Why, or why not?
Your article review must be at least two pages in length. A title page (if used) or any reference pages do not count toward the page requirement. You must use at least two peer-reviewed or academic sources to support your article review. All sources used must have APA style citations and references. APA formatting of the article review is otherwise not required.
These crimes are not violent, but they are not victimless. White-collar crimes can destroy a company, wipe out a person’s life savings, cost investors billions of dollars, and erode the public’s trust in institutions.
The FBI’s white-collar crime program focuses on analyzing intelligence and solving complex investigations—often with a connection to organized crime activities. Our white-collar crime investigations can be regional, national, and/or international.
The FBI works closely with partner law enforcement and regulatory agencies like:
- the Securities and Exchange Commission
- the Internal Revenue Service
- the U.S. Postal Inspection Service
- the Commodity Futures Trading Commission
- the Treasury Department’s Financial Crimes Enforcement Network
Examples of White-Collar Crime
Corporate Fraud
As the lead agency investigating corporate fraud, the FBI focuses its efforts on cases that involve accounting schemes and self-dealing by corporate executives, as well as obstruction of justice (activities designed to conceal this type of criminal conduct).
The FBI’s corporate fraud investigations primarily focus on:
Falsification of financial information:
- False accounting and/or misrepresentations of financial conditions
- Fraudulent trades designed to inflate profits or hide losses
- Illicit transactions designed to escape regulatory oversight
Self-dealing by corporate insiders:
- Insider trading (stock trading based on material, non-public information)
- Kickbacks
- Misuse of corporate property for personal gain
- Individual tax violations related to self-dealing
Common Law System
Countries following a common law system are typically those that were former British colonies or protectorates, including the United States.
Features of a common law system include:
- There is not always a written constitution or codified laws;
- Judicial decisions are binding – decisions of the highest court can generally only be overturned by that same court or through legislation;
- Extensive freedom of contract – few provisions are implied into the contract by law (although provisions seeking to protect private consumers may be implied);
- Generally, everything is permitted that is not expressly prohibited by law.
A common law system is less prescriptive than a civil law system. A government may therefore wish to enshrine protections of its citizens in specific legislation related to the infrastructure program being contemplated. For example, it may wish to prohibit the service provider from cutting off the water or electricity supply of bad payers or may require that documents related to the transaction be disclosed under a freedom of information act. There may also be legal requirements to imply into a contract in equal bargaining provisions where one party is in a much stronger bargaining position than the other. Please see Legislation and Regulation for more on this.
There are few provisions implied into a contract under the common law system – it is therefore important to set out ALL the terms governing the relationship between the parties to a contract in the contract itself. This will often result in a contract being longer than one in a civil law country.
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